Pertamax Quality Improvement with Ethanol on Octane Number, Density and Water Content

Abstract

Fuel oil is very important to be used as a source of power for the engine. Fuel in circulation today is still in the spotlight regarding high exhaust emissions. Currently the world has emphasized the use of energy sources that are environmentally friendly and do not cause excessive emissions. The purpose of this research is to create an environmentally friendly fuel oil to minimize emissions caused by engine combustion. The solution used is to mix 92 gasoline with bioethanol. Based on the Decree of the Director General of Oil and Gas on the specification of 95 gasoline, it stated that the octane number is 95, the specific gravity (at 15^oC) is 715-770 kg/m³ and the water content in 95 gasoline is maximum of 0.15% m/m. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is used to measure, test, and classify various products and materials to ensure that the research conducted meets the necessary quality, safety, and performance requirements. In conducting the study, there were several concentration variables including 92 gasoline blended with 5% bioethanol. One of things we discuss in this blending process is the octane number using the Octane Number Analyzer tool by comparing the octane of 92 gasoline and the octane of 92 gasoline that has been blended. The results of commercial 92 gasoline which is in accordance with the standard, obtained an octane number of 92 while the optimal results obtained from a mixture of 92 gasoline with 5% bioethanol obtained an octane number of 94.8. In mixing process, results obtained for the specific gravity of commercial 92 gasoline with 5% bioethanol is 0.73757 g/cm³. From the research results that has been done, it is concluded that the process of mixing bioethanol with 92 gasoline can increase the octane number so as to reduce emissions caused by vehicles.