Deus Ex Machina: Unraveling Academic Integrity in the AI Narrative

Authors

  • FX. Risang Baskara Universitas Sanata Dharma

Keywords:

Academic Integrity, Artificial Intelligence, Generative Models, Higher Education, Theoretical Analysis

Abstract

In the dynamic realm of higher education, the interplay between academic integrity and Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents a critical frontier for exploration. This study delves into the nuances of this relationship, focusing mainly on the impacts of Generative AI on the principles of originality and honesty in academia. While existing literature provides insight into AI's educational roles, its intersection with academic integrity remains underexplored. This research aims to bridge this knowledge gap through a meticulous theoretical analysis of Generative AI's transformative effects on academic integrity. The study employs an innovative methodological approach, analysing both the constructive and destructive capabilities of AI in academic settings. It investigates how Generative AI can simultaneously challenge academic integrity through issues like AI-generated plagiarism and supports it by enhancing plagiarism detection and academic assessment. The findings unveil a complex narrative, suggesting that Generative AI holds the potential to both undermine and reinforce the foundations of academic honesty. This dual potential underscores the critical need for a balanced and thoughtful integration of Generative AI in educational environments. The insights garnered from this study highlight the imperative for academia to navigate these technological advancements with a keen focus on upholding the sanctity of academic integrity.

References

Alasadi, Eman A., and Carlos R. Baiz. 2023. "Generative AI in Education and Research: Opportunities, Concerns, and Solutions." Journal of Chemical Education 100 (8): 2965–71. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00323.

Baskara, FX Risang. 2023a. "FOSTERING CULTURALLY GROUNDED LEARNING: GENERATIVE AI, DIGITAL STORYTELLING, AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION." In International Conference of Early Childhood Education in Multiperspectives, 351–61.

___. 2023b. "NAVIGATING PEDAGOGICAL EVOLUTION: THE IMPLICATION OF GENERATIVE AI ON THE REINVENTION OF TEACHER EDUCATION." In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Universitas Jabal Ghafur, 2:409–21.

Baskara, Risang. 2023. "Unravelling the Paradox: Generative AI Influences on Academic Integrity." Prosiding Konferensi Ilmiah Pendidikan 4: 27–36.

Biesta, Gert. 2020. Educational Research: An Unorthodox Introduction. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Bin-Nashwan, Saeed Awadh, Mouad Sadallah, and Mohamed Bouteraa. 2023. "Use of ChatGPT in Academia: Academic Integrity Hangs in the Balance." Technology in Society 75: 102370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102370.

Bobula, Michal. n.d. "Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Higher Education: A Comprehensive Review of Opportunities, Challenges and Implications."

Boell, Sebastian K., and Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic. 2014. "A Hermeneutic Approach for Conducting Literature Reviews and Literature Searches." Communications of the Association for Information Systems 34 (1): 12.

Bozkurt, Aras, Junhong Xiao, Sarah Lambert, Angelica Pazurek, Helen Crompton, Suzan Koseoglu, Robert Farrow, Melissa Bond, Chrissi Nerantzi, and Sarah Honeychurch. 2023. "Speculative Futures on ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Collective Reflection from the Educational Landscape." Asian Journal of Distance Education 18 (1).

Chan, Cecilia Ka Yuk. 2023. "A Comprehensive AI Policy Education Framework for University Teaching and Learning." International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 20 (1): 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00408-3.

Chiu, Thomas KF. 2023. "The Impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on Practices, Policies and Research Direction in Education: A Case of ChatGPT and Midjourney." Interactive Learning Environments, 1–17.

Cohen, Louis, Lawrence Manion, and Keith Morrison. 2017. Research Methods in Education. routledge.

Coleman, Kathryn. 2023. "Generative AI and Education Ecologies." Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 5 (1): 19–20. https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v5i1.175.

Cooper, Grant. 2023. "Examining Science Education in Chatgpt: An Exploratory Study of Generative Artificial Intelligence." Journal of Science Education and Technology 32 (3): 444–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-023-10039-y.

Cotton, Debby RE, Peter A. Cotton, and J. Reuben Shipway. 2023. "Chatting and Cheating: Ensuring Academic Integrity in the Era of ChatGPT." Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2023.2190148.

Creswell, John W., and Cheryl N. Poth. 2016. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. Sage publications.

Currie, Geoffrey M. 2023. "Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence: Is ChatGPT Hype, Hero or Heresy?" In Seminars in Nuclear Medicine. Elsevier.

Dai, Yun, Ang Liu, and Cher Ping Lim. 2023. "Reconceptualising ChatGPT and Generative AI as a Student-Driven Innovation in Higher Education."

Dwivedi, Alka, Prasoom Dwivedi, Samo Bobek, and Simona Sternad Zabukovšek. 2019. "Factors Affecting Students' Engagement with Online Content in Blended Learning." Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-10-2018-0559.

Dwivedi, Yogesh K., Nir Kshetri, Laurie Hughes, Emma Louise Slade, Anand Jeyaraj, Arpan Kumar Kar, Abdullah M. Baabdullah, Alex Koohang, Vishnupriya Raghavan, and Manju Ahuja. 2023. "'So What If ChatGPT Wrote It?' Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Opportunities, Challenges and Implications of Generative Conversational AI for Research, Practice and Policy." International Journal of Information Management 71: 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642.

Eke, Damian Okaibedi. 2023. "ChatGPT and the Rise of Generative AI: Threat to Academic Integrity?" Journal of Responsible Technology 13: 100060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrt.2023.100060.

Fathoni, Ahmad Faisal Choiril Anam. 2023. "Leveraging Generative AI Solutions in Art and Design Education: Bridging Sustainable Creativity and Fostering Academic Integrity for Innovative Society." In E3S Web of Conferences, 426:01102. EDP Sciences.

Fitts, Jesse, and Rachel Bovard. 2023. "AI and the Future of Academic Integrity."

Fui-Hoon Nah, Fiona, Ruilin Zheng, Jingyuan Cai, Keng Siau, and Langtao Chen. 2023. Generative AI and ChatGPT: Applications, Challenges, and AI-Human Collaboration. Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research. Vol. 25. Taylor & Francis.

Ghnemat, Rawan, Adnan Shaout, and Abrar M. Al-Sowi. 2022. "Higher Education Transformation for Artificial Intelligence Revolution: Transformation Framework." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning 17 (19). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i19.33309.

Gimpel, Henner, Kristina Hall, Stefan Decker, Torsten Eymann, Luis Lämmermann, Alexander Mädche, Maximilian Röglinger, Caroline Ruiner, Manfred Schoch, and Mareike Schoop. 2023. "Unlocking the Power of Generative AI Models and Systems Such as GPT-4 and ChatGPT for Higher Education: A Guide for Students and Lecturers." Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences.

Grant, Maria J., and Andrew Booth. 2009. "A Typology of Reviews: An Analysis of 14 Review Types and Associated Methodologies." Health Information & Libraries Journal 26 (2): 91–108.

Grassini, Simone. 2023. "Shaping the Future of Education: Exploring the Potential and Consequences of AI and ChatGPT in Educational Settings." Education Sciences 13 (7): 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070692.

Huallpa, Jorge Jinchuña. 2023. "Exploring the Ethical Considerations of Using Chat GPT in University Education." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences 11 (4): 105–15.

Jones, Beata. 2023. "Breaking Boundaries with Generative AI: Good Practice of Unleashing the Power of ChatGPT for Inter-and Transdisciplinary Breakthroughs in the Age of Complexity." Journal of the European Honors Council 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.31378/jehc.177.

Kadaruddin, Kadaruddin. 2023. "Empowering Education through Generative AI: Innovative Instructional Strategies for Tomorrow's Learners." International Journal of Business, Law, and Education 4 (2): 618–25. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v4i2.215.

Lather, Patti. 2016. "Top Ten+ List: (Re) Thinking Ontology in (Post) Qualitative Research." Cultural Studies? Critical Methodologies 16 (2): 125–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1532708616634734.

Lawan, Abdulmalik Ahmad, Basheer Ridwan Muhammad, Ahmad Muhammad Tahir, Kamaluddeen Ibrahim Yarima, Abubakar Zakari, Aliyu Hassan Abdullahi II, Adamu Hussaini, Hafizu Ibrahim Kademi, Abdullahi Aliyu Danlami, and Mustapha Abdulkadir Sani. 2023. “Modified Flipped Learning as an Approach to Mitigate the Adverse Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Education.” Education Journal 12 (4): 136–43.

Lim, Weng Marc, Asanka Gunasekara, Jessica Leigh Pallant, Jason Ian Pallant, and Ekaterina Pechenkina. 2023. "Generative AI and the Future of Education: Ragnarök or Reformation? A Paradoxical Perspective from Management Educators." The International Journal of Management Education 21 (2): 100790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100790.

Liu, Ming, Yiling Ren, Lucy Michael Nyagoga, Francis Stonier, Zhongming Wu, and Liang Yu. 2023. "Future of Education in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence: Consensus among Chinese Scholars on Applications of ChatGPT in Schools." Future in Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/fer3.10.

Mertens, Donna M. 2019. Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity with Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods. Sage publications.

Mhlanga, David. 2023. "Open AI in Education, the Responsible and Ethical Use of ChatGPT Towards Lifelong Learning." Education, the Responsible and Ethical Use of ChatGPT Towards Lifelong Learning (February 11, 2023).

Michel-Villarreal, Rosario, Eliseo Vilalta-Perdomo, David Ernesto Salinas-Navarro, Ricardo Thierry-Aguilera, and Flor Silvestre Gerardou. 2023. "Challenges and Opportunities of Generative AI for Higher Education as Explained by ChatGPT." Education Sciences 13 (9): 856. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090856.

Mijwil, Maad M., Kamal Kant Hiran, Ruchi Doshi, Manish Dadhich, Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi, and Indu Bala. 2023. "ChatGPT and the Future of Academic Integrity in the Artificial Intelligence Era: A New Frontier." Al-Salam Journal for Engineering and Technology 2 (2): 116–27.

Morse, Janice M. 2015. "Critical Analysis of Strategies for Determining Rigor in Qualitative Inquiry." Qualitative Health Research 25 (9): 1212–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315588501.

Munoz, Albert, Ann Wilson, Bernardo Pereira Nunes, Christina Del Medico, Christine Slade, Dawn Bennett, Deborah Tyler, Elen Seymour, Glenda Hepplewhite, and Holly Randell-Moon. 2023. "AAIN Generative Artificial Intelligence Guidelines."

Okaiyeto, Samuel Ariyo, Junwen Bai, and Hongwei Xiao. 2023. "Generative AI in Education: To Embrace It or Not?" International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 16 (3): 285–86. https://doi.org/10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.8486.

Okoli, Chitu. 2015. "A Guide to Conducting a Standalone Systematic Literature Review." Communications of the Association for Information Systems 37. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.03743.

Papaioannou, Diana, Anthea Sutton, and Andrew Booth. 2016. "Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review." Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review, 1–336.

Perera, Pethigamage, and Madhushan Lankathilake. 2023. "Preparing to Revolutionise Education with the Multi-Model GenAI Tool Google Gemini? A Journey towards Effective Policy Making." https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2023.v07i08.001.

Perkins, Mike. 2023. "Academic Integrity Considerations of AI Large Language Models in the Post-Pandemic Era: ChatGPT and Beyond." Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice 20 (2): 07. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.20.02.07.

Petricini, Tiffany, Chuhao Wu, and Sarah T. Zipf. 2023. "Perceptions about Generative AI and ChatGPT Use by Faculty and College Students." https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/jyma4.

Qadir, Junaid. 2022. "Engineering Education in the Era of ChatGPT: Promise and Pitfalls of Generative AI for Education."

Repko, Allen F., and Rick Szostak. 2020. Interdisciplinary Research: Process and Theory. Sage Publications.

Ruiz-Rojas, Lena Ivannova, Patricia Acosta-Vargas, Javier De-Moreta-Llovet, and Mario Gonzalez-Rodriguez. 2023. "Empowering Education with Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools: Approach with an Instructional Design Matrix." Sustainability 15 (15): 11524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511524.

Salvagno, Michele, Fabio Silvio Taccone, and Alberto Giovanni Gerli. 2023. "Can Artificial Intelligence Help for Scientific Writing?" Critical Care 27 (1): 1–5.

Selwyn, Neil. 2019. Should Robots Replace Teachers?: AI and the Future of Education. John Wiley & Sons.

Simonsson, Eric. 2023. "Generative AI Effects on School Systems: An Overview of Generative AI with Focus on ChatGPT, What It Is, What It Isn't and How It Works."

Smith, Brett, and Kerry R. McGannon. 2018. "Developing Rigor in Qualitative Research: Problems and Opportunities within Sport and Exercise Psychology." International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 11 (1): 101–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2017.1317357.

Smolansky, Adele, Andrew Cram, Corina Raduescu, Sandris Zeivots, Elaine Huber, and Rene F. Kizilcec. 2023. "Educator and Student Perspectives on the Impact of Generative AI on Assessments in Higher Education." In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Learning@ Scale, 378–82. https://doi.org/10.1145/3573051.3596191.

Snyder, Hannah. 2019. "Literature Review as a Research Methodology: An Overview and Guidelines." Journal of Business Research 104: 333–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039.

Su, Jiahong, and Weipeng Yang. 2023. "Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT: A Framework for Applying Generative AI in Education." ECNU Review of Education, 20965311231168423.

Sullivan, Miriam, Andrew Kelly, and Paul McLaughlan. 2023. "ChatGPT in Higher Education: Considerations for Academic Integrity and Student Learning."

Tawfeeq, Tawfeeq Mokdada, Ali Jalal Awqati, and Yaser A. Jasim. 2023. "The Ethical Implications of ChatGPT AI Chatbot: A Review." JMCER 2023: 49–57.

Tindle, Richard, Kay Pozzebon, Royce Willis, and Ahmed A. Moustafa. 2023. "Academic Misconduct and Generative Artificial Intelligence: University Students' Intentions, Usage, and Perceptions." PsyArXiv Preprints 13.

Tracy, Sarah J. 2010. "Qualitative Quality: Eight 'Big-Tent' Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research." Qualitative Inquiry 16 (10): 837–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121.

Uzun, Levent. 2023. "ChatGPT and Academic Integrity Concerns: Detecting Artificial Intelligence Generated Content." Language Education and Technology 3 (1).

Wang, Tianchong. 2023. "Navigating Generative AI (ChatGPT) in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges." In International Conference on Smart Learning Environments, 215–25. Springer.

Weller, Martin. 2020. 25 Years of Ed Tech. Athabasca University Press.

Wentzel, Arnold. 2017. A Guide to Argumentative Research Writing and Thinking: Overcoming Challenges. Routledge.

Yeralan, Sencer, and Laura Ancona Lee. 2023. "Generative AI: Challenges to Higher Education." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 5 (2): 107–16. https://doi.org/10.37868/sei.v5i2.id196.

Downloads

Published

2024-03-20

How to Cite

Baskara, F. R. (2024). Deus Ex Machina: Unraveling Academic Integrity in the AI Narrative. Proceeding International Conference on Religion, Science and Education, 3, 393–402. Retrieved from http://sunankalijaga.org/prosiding/index.php/icrse/article/view/1199

Issue

Section

Articles