Green Synthesis Nanoparticles Review: Sun Protection Based on Silver Nanoparticles Made From Extract Rhizome Galangal and Ketapang Leaf

Abstract

Sunlight that contains UV-A and UV-B can have harmful effects on the skin, this can be anticipated by using sun protection. Sun protection is a product that aims to protect the skins from damage caused by exposure to UV rays from the sun. One of the technologies for making sun protection is nanoparticles. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles was used by chemical reduction method using ketapang leaf extract (terminalia catappa), and kencur rhizome extract. This reviews aims to show that production of silver nitrate nanoparticles (AgNPs) conjugated with ethyl p- methoxycinnamate (EPMS), and AgNPs with an alloys of hydroxycinnamic acid (AHNP) compounds which can be used as raw materials for sunscreen .In the characterization of  UV-Vis nanoparticles Spectrophotometer , Particles size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning electrons Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and transformation infrared spectroscopy fourier (FTIR) are used. The extraction results obtained ethyl p-methoxycinname (EPMS) in the form of crystals with a percent rendering of 2.3%. EPMS characterization with a Uv-Vis spectrophotometer obtained a maximum wavelengths of 308nm, colloidal silver gives an absorption absorption peak at a wavelength around 400-500 nm which shows a typical plasmons absorption peak of silver nanoparticles and the results of FTIR analysis at waves number 1701.27 cm-1 indicates the presence of carbonyl group (C=O) and 1165.97 cm-1 the presence of the CO group. In the color indicator, the formation of AgNPs is indicated by a clear color change to an orange color, while in the FTIR, an oxidation process due to the reduction process of silver nanoparticles. There is an absorption band with wide and strong intensity at u 3446.79 cm-1 due to the presence of OH groups from phenol and OH groups from poly acrylic acid , and the sizes of silver nanoparticles in PSA shows an average sizes of 92.48nM. The SEM results show a mono-spread form. As well as the results of XRD measurements indicate the presence of silver nanoparticles with a cubic crystal system.