Socio-Cultural Dynamics Challenges in Mental Health Issues and Human Rights in Indonesia
Keywords:
Mental Health, Stigma, Socio-Cultural Dynamics, Human rightsAbstract
The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders in Indonesia demands urgent attention. Data of 2018 Basic Health Research showed that 6.1% of population above 15 years old experiencing depression and only 9% receiving treatment. Schizophrenia/Psychosis prevalence stands at 6.7 per mill, with 14% subjected to confinement, particularly in rural areas. Despite 85% seeking treatment, only 48.9% adhere to prescribed medication. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated mental health challenges, with socio-cultural stigma and confinement persisting as coping mechanisms. Family attitudes toward mental health remain a critical concern, impeding post-treatment care. Socio-cultural influences significantly affect detection, treatment, and post-treatment of mental health. The pervasive cultural stigma attributes mental health issues to mystical causes, perpetuating resistance to treatment and reliance on non-medical alternatives. Socio-cultural stigma and isolation compound the challenges on human rights especially on the rights to get the proper mental health’s treatment and information, negatively impacting individuals, families, and communities. Socio-cultural dynamics, poverty, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate support systems contribute to the complexity of mental health issues. Socio-culturally competence in community empowerment is crucial to foster awareness and early intervention, addressing the multifaceted challenges surrounding mental health in Indonesia.
References
Aiyub, A., Jannah, S. R., Marthoenis, M., Abdullah, A., & Sofyan, H. (2022). Exploring Local Values and Beliefs to Develop School-based Mental Health Anti-Stigma: A Phenomenology Study. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(B), 2327–2336. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.10509
Atkinson, S., Bagnall, A.-M., Corcoran, R., South, J., & Curtis, S. (2020). Being Well Together: Individual Subjective and Community Wellbeing. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(5), 1903–1921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00146-2
Ayuningtyas, D., Misnaniarti, M., & Rayhani, M. (2018). Analisis Situasi Kesehatan Mental pada Masyarakat di Indonesia dan Strategi Penanggulangannya. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.26553/jikm.2018.9.1.1-10
Irmansyah, I., Prasetyo, Y., & Minas, H. (2009). Human rights of persons with mental illness in Indonesia: more than legislation is needed. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 3(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-3-14
Iswanti, D. I., Nursalam, N., Fitryasari, R., Mendrofa, F. A. M., & Kandar, K. (2024). Family Empowerment Strategies for Relapse Prevention in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Scoping Review. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(5), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20231018-02
Lestari, W., & Wardhani, Y. F. (2014). Stigma and Management on People with Severe Mental Disorders with “Pasung” (Physical Restraint). Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.22435/bpsk.v17i2 Apr.3605
Praharso, N. F., Pols, H., & Tiliopoulos, N. (2020). Mental health literacy of Indonesian health practitioners and implications for mental health system development. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102168
Purnama, G., Yani, D. I., & Sutini, T. (2016). Gambaran Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap Klien Gangguan Jiwa di RW 09 Desa Cileles Sumedang. Jurnal Pendidikan Keperawatan Indonesia, 2(1), 29–37.: http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/JPKI
Putri, M. A., Bimantoko, I., Herton, N., & Listiyandini, R. A. (2023). Gambaran Kesadaran, Akses Informasi, dan Pengalaman terkait Layanan Kesehatan Mental pada Masyarakat di Indonesia. Journal Psikogenesis, 11(1), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v11i1.1961
Rahvy, A., Habsy, A., & Ridlo, I. (2020). Actual challenges of mental health in Indonesia: Urgency, UHS, humanity, and government commitment. European Journal of Public Health, 30(Supplement_5). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1023
Setiawan, C. T., Sijabat, S. G., Ervan, & Habibi. (2023). Menjembatani Kesenjangan dalam Perawatan Kesehatan Mental: Pendekatan Baru untuk Diagnosis, Pengobatan, dan Pengurangan Stigma. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(08), 660–667. https://doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v2i08.579
Subu, M. A., Dias, J. M., Mottershead, R., Ahmed, F. R., Narulita, S., Maryuni, M., Zakiyah, Z., Nurbaeti, I., Mohamed Al Marzouqi, A., & Al-Yateem, N. (2024). Exploring mental health stigma among Indonesian healthcare students towards individuals with mental illnesses: a qualitative study. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2024.2327103
Subu, M. A., Holmes, D., Arumugam, A., Al-Yateem, N., Maria Dias, J., Rahman, S. A., Waluyo, I., Ahmed, F. R., & Abraham, M. S. (2022). Traditional, religious, and cultural perspectives on mental illness: a qualitative study on causal beliefs and treatment use. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2022.2123090
Sulistyosari, Y. (2024). The power of community: leveraging social capital to address mental health challenges in Indonesia. Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae223
Sutrimo, A., & Kusumawardani, L. H. (2021). Current Community-based Mental Health Promotion Strategies Among children and Adolescents: A Literature Review of Evidence and Feasibility in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/ihpa.v6i1.3429
Lestari, W., Lomboan, R. A., & Sulistiyono, I. (2016). Fenomena Gunung Es Kesehatan Jiwa di Musirawas (1st ed.). PT. Kanisius.
Bartlett, J. D., Nabors, L., & Chase, A. (2023). Family Engagement in Mental Health Treatment for Young Children. In L. Nabors & J. D. Bartlett (Eds.), Family Engagement in Mental Health Interventions for Young Children (pp. 23–48). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47917-5_2
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kemenkes RI. (2019). Laporan Nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Weny Lestari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
