Spatial Assessment of Sumatran Tiger-Human Conflict in South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatera
Keywords:
Conflict, conservation, Sumatran tiger, maximum entropy, wildlifeAbstract
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list, the Sumatran tiger is classified as one of the critically endangered animals. The problems related to the conflicts between animals and humans very often occurred in the wildlife. The presence of the Sumatran tiger’s natural habitat close to the active human area can trigger the increasing conflict vulnerability between both. The Natural Resources Conservation Agency (Balai Konservasi Sumberdaya Alam/BKSDA), has recorded at least 16 incidents of conflict between Sumatran tigers and humans in the South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatera Province since 2018. By using geospatial modeling, this study aims to describe the potential conflict between Sumatran tigers and humans by using a random forest algorithm, natural algorithm, and deep learning to model the conflict potential also with a maximum entropy algorithm. The tools that were used to analyze this research are cloud computing mapping using Google Earth Engine (GEE), geospatial information system application (ArcGIS and QGIS), and also Maximum Entropy (Maxent). The results of this study indicate the influence of the distribution of each variable that has been used with the statistical model spread over the research area. The average value of AUC prediction in this model is at the number of 0.882 and with a standard deviation of 0.043. The biggest contribution variable is the fragmented habitat as much as 49.5%, followed by the contribution of the forest edge as much as 32.7%, and elevation as much as 6.5%. Angkola Timur sub-district is the area with the highest level of conflict vulnerability in 49.9% of its total area, followed by Hutaimbaru sub-district in 48.06%, and Angkola Barat sub-district in 44.99%.
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